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Bible mini-course / The Gospels
The Gospels · 47 of 73

Matthew

The Gospel according to Saint Matthew presents Jesus as the Messiah promised to Israel, the new Moses who teaches with authority and founds his Church on Peter.

AuthorSaint Matthew the apostle (by tradition)
DateAround AD 80-90
AudienceChristians of Jewish origin

🎯 Learning objective

Understand the message of Matthew, its historical setting and its place in the history of salvation.

🏛️ Historical context

Written after the destruction of the temple (AD 70), when Jewish-Christian communities were separating from the synagogue and needed to show that Jesus fulfils the Scriptures.

🔙 Background

It uses Mark's Gospel and a collection of Jesus' sayings, and constantly quotes the Old Testament: "this was to fulfil what was spoken by the prophet".

🧭 Structure of the book

Chapters 1-2: genealogy and infancy of Jesus
Chapters 3-25: ministry with five great discourses (Sermon on the Mount, mission, parables, community, end times)
Chapters 26-28: passion, death and resurrection

⭐ Key events and teachings

  1. 1Genealogy from Abraham and birth in Bethlehem; visit of the Magi (ch. 1-2)
  2. 2The Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes (ch. 5-7)
  3. 3The Our Father (6:9-13)
  4. 4"You are Peter, and on this rock I will build my Church" (16:18)
  5. 5The last judgment: "you did it to me" (25:31-46)
  6. 6Missionary mandate: "Go and make disciples of all nations" (28:19-20)

🏷️ Main themes

Jesus the MessiahKingdom of heavenChurchFulfilment of ScriptureRighteousness of the Kingdom

📖 Verses to memorize

  • Matthew 5:3Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
  • Matthew 6:33Seek ye therefore first the kingdom of God, and his justice, and all these things shall be added unto you.
  • Matthew 11:28Come to me all you that labor and are burdened, and I will refresh you.
  • Matthew 16:18And I say to thee: That thou art Peter; and upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.
  • Matthew 28:19-20Going therefore, teach ye all nations: baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you. And behold I am with you all days, even to the consummation of the world.

💭 For reflection

  • Which beatitude challenges me most?
  • How do I live the command to "make disciples"?

Written for readers of Jewish background, it presents Jesus as the promised Messiah and son of David who fulfills the Scriptures. It gathers his teaching into five great discourses, including the Sermon on the Mount with the Beatitudes and the Our Father.

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